Hello friends, we will be deploying a Petshop Java Based Application. This is an everyday use case scenario used by several organizations. We will be using Jenkins as a CICD tool and deploying our application on a Docker container and Kubernetes cluster. Hope this detailed blog is useful.

We will be deploying our application in two ways, one using Docker Container and the other using K8S cluster.

Steps:-

Step 1 — Create an Ubuntu(22.04) T2 Large Instance

Step 2 — Install Jenkins, Docker and Trivy. Create a Sonarqube Container using Docker.

Step 3 — Install Plugins like JDK, Sonarqube Scanner, Maven, and OWASP Dependency Check.

Step 4 — Create a Pipeline Project in Jenkins using a Declarative Pipeline

Step 5 — Install OWASP Dependency Check Plugins

Step 6 — Docker Image Build and Push

Step 7 — Deploy the image using Docker

Step 8 — Kubernetes master and slave setup on Ubuntu (20.04)

Step 9 — Access the Real World Application

Step 10 — Terminate the AWS EC2 Instances.

Project Repo: https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git

Now, let’s get started and dig deeper into each of these steps:-

STEP1:Create an Ubuntu(22.04) T2 Large Instance

Launch an AWS T2 Large Instance. Use the image as Ubuntu. You can create a new key pair or use an existing one. Enable HTTP and HTTPS settings in the Security Group and open all ports (not best case to open all ports but just for learning purposes it’s okay).

Step 2 — Install Jenkins, Docker and Trivy

2A — To Install Jenkins

Connect to your console, and enter these commands to Install Jenkins

vi jenkins.sh

#!/bin/bash
sudo apt update -y
#sudo apt upgrade -y
wget -O - https://packages.adoptium.net/artifactory/api/gpg/key/public | tee /etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc] https://packages.adoptium.net/artifactory/deb $(awk -F= '/^VERSION_CODENAME/{print$2}' /etc/os-release) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/adoptium.list
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install temurin-17-jdk -y
/usr/bin/java --version
curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key | sudo tee \
                  /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] \
                  https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee \
                              /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install jenkins -y
sudo systemctl start jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins

sudo chmod 777 jenkins.sh 
./jenkins.sh

Once Jenkins is installed, you will need to go to your AWS EC2 Security Group and open Inbound Port 8080, since Jenkins works on Port 8080.

But for this Application case, we are running Jenkins on another port. so change the port to 8090 using the below commands.

sudo systemctl stop jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins
cd /etc/default
sudo vi jenkins   #chnage port HTTP_PORT=8090 and save and exit
cd /lib/systemd/system
sudo vi jenkins.service  #change Environments="Jenkins_port=8090" save and exit
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins

Now, grab your Public IP Address

<EC2 Public IP Address:8090> 
sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

Unlock Jenkins using an administrative password and install the suggested plugins.

Jenkins will now get installed and install all the libraries.

Create a user click on save and continue.

Jenkins Getting Started Screen.

2B — Install Docker

sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install docker.io -y 
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER 
newgrp docker 
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock

After the docker installation, we create a sonarqube container (Remember added 9000 ports in the security group).

docker run -d --name sonar -p 9000:9000 sonarqube:lts-community

Now our sonarqube is up and running

Enter username and password, click on login and change password

username admin 
password admin

Update New password, This is Sonar Dashboard.

2C — Install Trivy

vi trivy.sh

sudo apt-get install wget apt-transport-https gnupg lsb-release -y

wget -qO - https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb/public.key | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg > /dev/null

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/trivy.gpg] https://aquasecurity.github.io/trivy-repo/deb $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/trivy.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install trivy -y

Next, we will log in to Jenkins and start to configure our Pipeline in Jenkins

Step 3 — Install Plugins like JDK, Sonarqube Scanner, Maven, OWASP Dependency Check

3A — Install Plugin

Goto Manage Jenkins →Plugins → Available Plugins →

Install below plugins

1 → Eclipse Temurin Installer (Install without restart)

2 → SonarQube Scanner (Install without restart)

3B — Configure Java and Maven in Global Tool Configuration

Goto Manage Jenkins → Tools → Install JDK(17) and Maven3(3.6.0) → Click on Apply and Save

3C — Create a Job

Label it as PETSHOP, click on Pipeline and OK.

Enter this in Pipeline Script,

pipeline{
    agent any
    tools {
        jdk 'jdk17'
        maven 'maven3'
    }
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven compile') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn clean compile'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test'
            }
        }
   }
}

The stage view would look like this,

Step 4 — Configure Sonar Server in Manage Jenkins

Grab the Public IP Address of your EC2 Instance, Sonarqube works on Port 9000, so <Public IP>:9000. Goto your Sonarqube Server. Click on Administration → Security → Users → Click on Tokens and Update Token → Give it a name → and click on Generate Token

click on update Token

Create a token with a name and generate

copy Token

Goto Jenkins Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Credentials → Add Secret Text. It should look like this

You will this page once you click on create

Now, go to Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → System and Add like the below image.

Click on Apply and Save

The Configure System option is used in Jenkins to configure different server

Global Tool Configuration is used to configure different tools that we install using Plugins

We will install a sonar scanner in the tools.

In the Sonarqube Dashboard add a quality gate also

Administration → Configuration →Webhooks

Click on Create

Add details

<http://jenkins-public-ip:8090>/sonarqube-webhook/

Let’s go to our Pipeline and add Sonarqube Stage in our Pipeline Script.

#under tools section add this environment
environment {
        SCANNER_HOME=tool 'sonar-scanner'
    }
# in stages add this
stage("Sonarqube Analysis "){
            steps{
                withSonarQubeEnv('sonar-server') {
                    sh ''' $SCANNER_HOME/bin/sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectName=Petshop \
                    -Dsonar.java.binaries=. \
                    -Dsonar.projectKey=Petshop '''
                }
            }
        }
        stage("quality gate"){
            steps {
                script {
                  waitForQualityGate abortPipeline: false, credentialsId: 'Sonar-token' 
                }
           }
        }

Click on Build now, you will see the stage view like this

To see the report, you can go to Sonarqube Server and go to Projects.

You can see the report has been generated and the status shows as passed. You can see that there are 6.7k lines. To see a detailed report, you can go to issues.

Step 5 — Install OWASP Dependency Check Plugins

GotoDashboard → Manage Jenkins → Plugins → OWASP Dependency-Check. Click on it and install it without restart.

First, we configured the Plugin and next, we had to configure the Tool

Goto Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Tools →

Click on Apply and Save here.

Now go configure → Pipeline and add this stage to your pipeline and build.

stage ('Build war file'){
            steps{
                sh 'mvn clean install -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage("OWASP Dependency Check"){
            steps{
                dependencyCheck additionalArguments: '--scan ./ --format XML ', odcInstallation: 'DP-Check'
                dependencyCheckPublisher pattern: '**/dependency-check-report.xml'
            }
        }

The stage view would look like this,

You will see that in status, a graph will also be generated and Vulnerabilities.

Step 6 — Docker Image Build and Push

We need to install the Docker tool in our system, Goto Dashboard → Manage Plugins → Available plugins → Search for Docker and install these plugins

Docker

Docker Commons

Docker Pipeline

Docker API

docker-build-step

and click on install without restart

Now, goto Dashboard → Manage Jenkins → Tools →

Add DockerHub Username and Password under Global Credentials

Add this stage to Pipeline Script

stage ('Build and push to docker hub'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withDockerRegistry(credentialsId: 'docker', toolName: 'docker') {
                        sh "docker build -t petshop ."
                        sh "docker tag petshop sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                        sh "docker push sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                   }
                }
            }
        }
        stage("TRIVY"){
            steps{
                sh "trivy image sevenajay/petshop:latest > trivy.txt"
            }
        }
        stage ('Deploy to container'){
            steps{
                sh 'docker run -d --name pet1 -p 8080:8080 sevenajay/petshop:latest'
            }
        }

You will see the output below, with a dependency trend.

Now, when you do

When you log in to Dockerhub, you will see a new image is created

<Ec2-public-ip:8080/jpetstore> #jenkins-ip

You will get this output

Step 8 — Kuberenetes Setup

Connect your machines to Putty or Mobaxtreme

Take-Two Ubuntu 20.04 instances one for k8s master and the other one for worker.

Install Kubectl on Jenkins machine also.

Kubectl on Jenkins to be installed

sudo apt update
sudo apt install curl
curl -LO https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
kubectl version --client

Part 1 — — — — — Master Node — — — — — —

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname K8s-master
exec bash

— — — — — Worker Node — — — — — —

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname K8s-worker
exec bash

Part 2 — — — — — — Both Master & Node — — — — —

sudo apt-get update 

sudo apt-get install -y docker.io
sudo usermod –aG docker Ubuntu
newgrp docker
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock

sudo curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<EOF
deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

sudo snap install kube-apiserver

Part 3 — — — — — — — — Master — — — — — — — -

sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# in case your in root exit from it and run below commands
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

— — — — — Worker Node — — — — — —

sudo kubeadm join <master-node-ip>:<master-node-port> --token <token> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash <hash>

#in kubernetes master
cd .kube
cat config #copy it and paste inside your local file explorer

Copy the config file to Jenkins master or the local file manager and save it

copy it and save it in documents or another folder save it as secret-file.txt

Install Kubernetes Plugin, Once it’s installed successfully

goto manage Jenkins → manage credentials → Click on Jenkins global → add credentials

Configuring mail server in Jenkins ( Gmail )

Install Email Extension Plugin in Jenkins

Go to your Gmail and click on your profile

Then click on Manage Your Google Account → click on the security tab on the left side panel you will get this page

2-step verification should be enabled.

Search for the app in the search bar you will get app passwords like the below image

Click on other and provide your name and click on Generate and copy the password

Once the plugin is installed in Jenkins, click on manage Jenkins → configure system there under the E-mail Notification section configure the details as shown in the below image

Click on Apply and save.

Click on Manage Jenkins → credentials and add your mail username and generated password

This is to just verify the mail configuration

Now under the Extended E-mail Notification section configure the details as shown in the below images

Click on Apply and save.

final step to deploy on the Kubernetes cluster and email pipeline.

stage('K8s'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withKubeConfig(caCertificate: '', clusterName: '', contextName: '', credentialsId: 'k8s', namespace: '', restrictKubeConfigAccess: false, serverUrl: '') {
                        sh 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }

#post block after stages
post {
     always {
        emailext attachLog: true,
            subject: "'${currentBuild.result}'",
            body: "Project: ${env.JOB_NAME}<br/>" +
                "Build Number: ${env.BUILD_NUMBER}<br/>" +
                "URL: ${env.BUILD_URL}<br/>",
            to: 'postbox.aj99@gmail.com',   #change mail here
            attachmentsPattern: 'trivy.txt'
        }
    }

stage view

In the Kubernetes cluster give this command

kubectl get all 
kubectl get svc

STEP9:Access from a Web browser with

<public-ip-of-slave:30699>

output:

Mail

Step 10: Terminate instances.

Complete Pipeline

pipeline{
    agent any
    tools {
        jdk 'jdk17'
        maven 'maven3'
    }
    environment {
        SCANNER_HOME=tool 'sonar-scanner'
    }
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven compile') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn clean compile'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test'
            }
        }
        stage("Sonarqube Analysis "){
            steps{
                withSonarQubeEnv('sonar-server') {
                    sh ''' $SCANNER_HOME/bin/sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectName=Petshop \
                    -Dsonar.java.binaries=. \
                    -Dsonar.projectKey=Petshop '''
                }
            }
        }
        stage("quality gate"){
            steps {
                script {
                  waitForQualityGate abortPipeline: false, credentialsId: 'Sonar-token' 
                }
           }
        }
        stage ('Build war file'){
            steps{
                sh 'mvn clean install -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage("OWASP Dependency Check"){
            steps{
                dependencyCheck additionalArguments: '--scan ./ --format XML ', odcInstallation: 'DP-Check'
                dependencyCheckPublisher pattern: '**/dependency-check-report.xml'
            }
        }
        stage ('Build and push to docker hub'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withDockerRegistry(credentialsId: 'docker', toolName: 'docker') {
                        sh "docker build -t petshop ."
                        sh "docker tag petshop sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                        sh "docker push sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                   }
                }
            }
        }
        stage("TRIVY"){
            steps{
                sh "trivy image sevenajay/petshop:latest > trivy.txt"
            }
        }
        stage ('Deploy to container'){
            steps{
                sh 'docker run -d --name pet1 -p 8080:8080 sevenajay/petshop:latest'
            }
        }
        stage('K8s'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withKubeConfig(caCertificate: '', clusterName: '', contextName: '', credentialsId: 'k8s', namespace: '', restrictKubeConfigAccess: false, serverUrl: '') {
                        sh 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    post {
     always {
        emailext attachLog: true,
            subject: "'${currentBuild.result}'",
            body: "Project: ${env.JOB_NAME}<br/>" +
                "Build Number: ${env.BUILD_NUMBER}<br/>" +
                "URL: ${env.BUILD_URL}<br/>",
            to: 'postbox.aj99@gmail.com',
            attachmentsPattern: 'trivy.txt'
        }
    }
}

Trigger code

CI-petshop-pipeline

pipeline{
    agent any
    tools {
        jdk 'jdk17'
        maven 'maven3'
    }
    environment {
        SCANNER_HOME=tool 'sonar-scanner'
    }
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven compile') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn clean compile'
            }
        }
        stage ('maven Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'mvn test'
            }
        }
        stage("Sonarqube Analysis "){
            steps{
                withSonarQubeEnv('sonar-server') {
                    sh ''' $SCANNER_HOME/bin/sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectName=Petshop \
                    -Dsonar.java.binaries=. \
                    -Dsonar.projectKey=Petshop '''
                }
            }
        }
        stage("quality gate"){
            steps {
                script {
                  waitForQualityGate abortPipeline: false, credentialsId: 'Sonar-token' 
                }
           }
        }
        stage ('Build war file'){
            steps{
                sh 'mvn clean install -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage("OWASP Dependency Check"){
            steps{
                dependencyCheck additionalArguments: '--scan ./ --format XML ', odcInstallation: 'DP-Check'
                dependencyCheckPublisher pattern: '**/dependency-check-report.xml'
            }
        }
        stage ('Build and push to docker hub'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withDockerRegistry(credentialsId: 'docker', toolName: 'docker') {
                        sh "docker build -t petshop ."
                        sh "docker tag petshop sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                        sh "docker push sevenajay/petshop:latest"
                   }
                }
            }
        }
        stage("TRIVY"){
            steps{
                sh "trivy image sevenajay/petshop:latest > trivy.txt"
            }
        }
        stage("Trigger deployment"){
            steps{
                  // Trigger the deployment pipeline and wait for it to complete
                  build job: 'CD-petshop', wait: true
             }             
         }
    }
    post {
     always {
        emailext attachLog: true,
            subject: "'${currentBuild.result}'",
            body: "Project: ${env.JOB_NAME}<br/>" +
                "Build Number: ${env.BUILD_NUMBER}<br/>" +
                "URL: ${env.BUILD_URL}<br/>",
            to: 'postbox.aj99@gmail.com',
            attachmentsPattern: 'trivy.txt'
        }
    }
}

CD-petshop-pipeline

pipeline{
    agent any
    stages{
        stage ('clean Workspace'){
            steps{
                cleanWs()
            }
        }
        stage ('checkout scm') {
            steps {
                git 'https://github.com/Aj7Ay/jpetstore-6.git'
            }
        }
        stage ('Deploy to container'){
            steps{
                sh 'docker run -d --name pet1 -p 8080:8080 sevenajay/petshop:latest'
            }
        }
        stage('K8s'){
            steps{
                script{
                    withKubeConfig(caCertificate: '', clusterName: '', contextName: '', credentialsId: 'k8s', namespace: '', restrictKubeConfigAccess: false, serverUrl: '') {
                        sh 'kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml'
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    post {
     always {
        emailext attachLog: true,
            subject: "'${currentBuild.result}'",
            body: "Project: ${env.JOB_NAME}<br/>" +
                "Build Number: ${env.BUILD_NUMBER}<br/>" +
                "URL: ${env.BUILD_URL}<br/>",
            to: 'postbox.aj99@gmail.com',
            attachmentsPattern: 'trivy.txt'
        }
    }
}