Several network protocols are commonly used in networking to facilitate communication and data transfer between devices. Some of the most widely used network protocols include:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): A connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable and ordered delivery of a stream of bytes over a network.
Internet Protocol (IP): A network layer protocol responsible for addressing and routing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP): A connectionless protocol that offers a simple and minimal mechanism for sending datagrams to other hosts on an IP network.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): An application layer protocol commonly used for transmitting and receiving web pages and other web resources.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): An extension of HTTP that uses encryption to secure the data being transmitted, commonly used for secure communication over a computer network.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): A standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): An internet standard for electronic mail (email) transmission, used for sending and receiving email messages.
Post Office Protocol (POP3): A protocol used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP): A protocol used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server, offering more features than POP3.
Domain Name System (DNS): A hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network.
Secure Shell (SSH): A cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. It is widely used for secure remote access to systems and for secure file transfers.
Telnet: A network protocol used on the Internet or local area networks to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): A standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems on the Internet.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): A network management protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration information to devices on a network.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP): An Internet-standard protocol for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks and for modifying that information to change device behavior.
File Transfer Protocol Secure (FTPS): An extension to the commonly used File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that adds support for the Transport Layer Security (TLS) and the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) cryptographic protocols.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP): A supporting protocol in the Internet protocol suite used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address.
Network Time Protocol (NTP): A networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): A protocol used for sending email messages between servers.
Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3): A protocol used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP): A protocol used by email clients to retrieve email from a mail server, offering more features than POP3.
Network File System (NFS): A distributed file system protocol that allows a user on a client computer to access files over a network in a manner similar to how local storage is accessed.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP): A simple lockstep File Transfer Protocol that allows a client to get a file from or put a file onto a remote host.
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP): A data link protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes.
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP): A communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships.